Effects of dairy intake on markers of cardiometabolic health in adults : : a systematic review with network meta-analysis

Abstract: The health effects of dairy products are still a matter of scientific debate owing to inconsistent findings across trials. Therefore, this systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare the effects of different dairy products on markers of cardiometabolic health. A systematic search was conducted in 3 electronic databases [MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science; search date: 23 September 2022]. This study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a ≥12-wk intervention comparing any 2 of the eligible interventions [e.g., high dairy (≥3 servings/d or equal amount in grams per day), full-fat dairy, low-fat dairy, naturally fermented milk products, and low dairy/control (0–2 servings/d or usual diet)]. A pairwise meta-analysis and NMA using random-effects model was performed in the frequentist framework for 10 outcomes [body weight, BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and systolic blood pressure]. Continuous outcome data were pooled using mean differences (MDs) and dairy interventions ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve. Nineteen RCTs with 1427 participants were included. High-dairy intake (irrespective of fat content) showed no detrimental effects on anthropometric outcomes, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Both low-fat and full-fat dairy improved systolic blood pressure (MD: −5.22 to −7.60 mm Hg; low certainty) but, concomitantly, may impair glycemic control (fasting glucose—MD: 0.31–0.43 mmol/L; glycated hemoglobin—MD: 0.37%–0.47%). Full-fat dairy may increase HDL cholesterol compared with a control diet (MD: 0.26 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.49 mmol/L). Yogurt improved waist circumference (MD: −3.47 cm; 95% CI: −6.92, −0.02 cm; low certainty), triglycerides (MD: −0.38 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.73, −0.03 mmol/L; low certainty), and HDL cholesterol (MD: 0.19 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.38 mmol/L) compared with milk. In conclusion, our findings indicate that there is little robust evidence that a higher dairy intake has detrimental effects on markers of cardiometabolic health.

This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022303198

Object Details

• Location: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
• Extent: Online-Ressource
• Language: Englisch
• Notes: Advances in nutrition. - 14, 3 (2023) , 438-450, ISSN: 2161-8313

Contributors, Places and Time

• Event: Veröffentlichung
• (where): Freiburg
• (who): Universität
• (when): 2023
• Creator: Kiesswetter, Eva ; Stadelmaier, Julia ; Petropoulou, Maria ; Morze, Jakub ; Grummich, Kathrin ; Roux, Isabelle ; Lay, Roberta ; Himmelsbach, Lisa ; Kussmann, Martin ; Röger, Christine ; Rubach, Malte Jörn ; Hauner, Hans ; Schwingshackl, Lukas

Further information

• DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.004
• URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-freidok-2349335
• Rights: Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.
• Last update: 25.03.2025, 1:43 PM CET