Arbeitspapier

Does the Child Penalty Strike Twice, and If So Why?

This paper compares the labor market impact of grandparents before and after the arrival of the first grandchild. We show that grandmothers' labor market outcomes decline more steeply than grandfathers' after the first grandchild's arrival, leading to a 4-10 percent gender earnings gap 5-10 years later. The child penalty is shifted across generations to grandmothers with low education, but daycare availability only affects child penalties. Gender biases towards older women's work are a contributing factor to the disparity in earnings between grandmothers and grandfathers after the arrival of the first grandchild.

Sprache
Englisch

Erschienen in
Series: IZA Discussion Papers ; No. 16557

Klassifikation
Wirtschaft
Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-labor Market Discrimination
Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
Time Allocation and Labor Supply
Thema
grandchildren
female labor supply
gender
inequality
retirement

Ereignis
Geistige Schöpfung
(wer)
Gørtz, Mette
Sander, Sarah
Sevilla, Almudena
Ereignis
Veröffentlichung
(wer)
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
(wo)
Bonn
(wann)
2023

Handle
Letzte Aktualisierung
10.03.2025, 11:41 MEZ

Datenpartner

Dieses Objekt wird bereitgestellt von:
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Objekttyp

  • Arbeitspapier

Beteiligte

  • Gørtz, Mette
  • Sander, Sarah
  • Sevilla, Almudena
  • Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Entstanden

  • 2023

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