Gastric insufflation with and without an inserted gastric tube in second-generation laryngeal mask airways: a randomized controlled cross-over trial

Abstract: Study objective
Second-generation laryngeal mask airways are equipped with an additional lumen for a gastric tube, with the intention to reduce the risk of aspiration by draining gastric content. However, the effect of an inserted gastric tube through the gastric channel on gastric insufflation, a substantial part of the pathomechanism of aspiration, during positive-pressure ventilation is not clear. We hypothesized, that an inserted gastric tube increases the risk of gastric insufflation.
Design
Single center, prospective, randomized-controlled cross-over trial.
Setting
Tertiary academic hospital in Germany.
Patients
152 patients, ASA I-III, scheduled for general anesthesia with a laryngeal mask airway.
Interventions
Gastric insufflation was investigated during an incremental pressure trial up to a maximum airway pressure of 30 cmH2O and during oropharyngeal leak pressure measurement with and without an inserted gastric tube while one of two laryngeal mask airways with different cuff designs (inflatable or thermoelastic) was used.
Measurements
Gastric insufflation was detected with real-time ultrasound.
Main results
Frequency of gastric insufflation was higher with than without inserted gastric tube during the incremental pressure trial (10.9 % (16/147) vs. 2.7 % (4/147), p = 0.009) and during oropharyngeal leak pressure measurement (16.3 % (24/147) vs. 5.4 % (8/147), p = 0.004). Risk of gastric insufflation didn't differ between the two cuff-types (p = 0.100). Flow over the open gastric channel was associated with gastric insufflation during positive-pressure ventilation (p = 0.003) and during oropharyngeal leak pressure measurement (p = 0.049). Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was higher in patients in which gastric insufflation was detected, compared to others (17.1 % (6/35) vs. 5.4 % (6/112), p = 0.037).
Conclusion
Placement of a gastric tube through the gastric channel of a second-generation laryngeal mask airway, independent of the cuff-type, increases the risk of gastric insufflation. Flow over the gastric channel indicate a higher risk of gastric insufflation and gastric insufflation may increase the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Location
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
Extent
Online-Ressource
Language
Englisch
Notes
Journal of clinical anesthesia. - 99 (2024) , 111653, ISSN: 1873-4529

Event
Veröffentlichung
(where)
Freiburg
(who)
Universität
(when)
2024
Creator
Hell, Johannes
Schelker, Grischa
Schumann, Stefan
Schmutz, Axel

DOI
10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111653
URN
urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-freidok-2580020
Rights
Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.
Last update
15.08.2025, 7:21 AM CEST

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Associated

Time of origin

  • 2024

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