Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: What Do We Really Know?

Arbeitspapier

Estimations of the size and development of the shadow economy for 145 countries, including developing, transition and highly developed OECD economies over the period 1999 to 2003 are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (as a percent of ?official? GDP) in 2002/03 in 96 developing countries is 38.7%, in 25 transition countries 40.1%, in 21 OECD countries 16.3% and in 3 Communist countries 22.3%. An increased burden of taxation and social security contributions, combined with a labor market regulation are the driving forces of the shadow economy. Finally, the various estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated.

Object Details

• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Series: CREMA Working Paper ; No. 2005-13

Classification and Topics

• Classification: Wirtschaft ; Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements ; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation ; Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government ; Tax Evasion and Avoidance
• Subject: shadow economy of 145 countries ; tax burden ; tax moral ; quality of state institutions ; regulation ; DYMIMIC and other estimation methods

Contributors, Places and Time

• Event: Geistige Schöpfung
• (who): Schneider, Friedrich
• Event: Veröffentlichung
• (who): Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA)
• (where): Basel
• (when): 2005

Further information

• Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/214327
• Last update: 10.03.2025, 11:42 AM CET