Smartphone Use and Academic Performance: Correlation or Causal Relationship?

Arbeitspapier

After a decade of correlational research, this study attempts to measure the causal impact of (general) smartphone use on educational performance. To this end, we merge survey data on general smartphone use, exogenous predictors of this use, and other drivers of academic success with the exam scores of first-year students at two Belgian universities. The resulting data are analysed with instrumental variable estimation techniques. A one-standard-deviation increase in daily smartphone use yields a decrease in average exam scores of about one point (out of 20). When relying on ordinary least squares estimations, the magnitude of this effect is substantially underestimated. The negative association between smartphone use and exam results is more outspoken for students (i) with highly educated fathers, (ii) with divorced parents and (iii) who are in good health. Policy-makers should at least invest in information and awareness campaigns of teachers and parents to highlight this trade-off between smartphone use and academic performance.

Object Details

• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Series: GLO Discussion Paper ; No. 384

Classification and Topics

• Classification: Wirtschaft
• Subject: smartphone use ; academic performance ; causality

Contributors, Places and Time

• Event: Geistige Schöpfung
• (who): Baert, Stijn ; Vujić, Sunčica ; Amez, Simon ; Claeskens, Matteo ; Daman, Thomas ; Maeckelberghe, Arno ; Omey, Eddy ; De Marez, Lieven
• Event: Veröffentlichung
• (who): Global Labor Organization (GLO)
• (where): Essen
• (when): 2019

Further information

• Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/202026
• Last update: 10.03.2025, 11:42 AM CET