How Small Heterocycles Make a Reaction Network of Amino Acids and Nucleotides Efficient in Water

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Abstract: Organisms use enzymes to ensure a flow of substrates through biosynthetic pathways. How the earliest form of life established biosynthetic networks and prevented hydrolysis of intermediates without enzymes is unclear. Organocatalysts may have played the role of enzymes. Quantitative analysis of reactions of adenosine 5’‐monophosphate and glycine that produce peptides, pyrophosphates, and RNA chains reveals that organocapture by heterocycles gives hydrolytically stabilized intermediates with balanced reactivity. We determined rate constants for 20 reactions in aqueous solutions containing a carbodiimide and measured product formation with cyanamide as a condensing agent. Organocapture favors reactions that are kinetically slow but productive, and networks, over single transformations. Heterocycles can increase the metabolic efficiency more than two‐fold, with up to 0.6 useful bonds per fuel molecule spent, boosting the efficiency of life‐like reaction systems in the absence of enzymes.

Location: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main

Extent: Online-Ressource

Language: Englisch

Bibliographic citation: How Small Heterocycles Make a Reaction Network of Amino Acids and Nucleotides Efficient in Water ; volume:131 ; number:37 ; year:2019 ; pages:13221-13226 ; extent:6
Angewandte Chemie ; 131, Heft 37 (2019), 13221-13226 (gesamt 6)

Creator: Tremmel, Peter
Griesser, Helmut
Steiner, Ulrich E.
Richert, Clemens

DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905427

URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022080106382136906273

Rights: Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.

Last update: 15.08.2025, 7:35 AM CEST

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Tremmel, Peter
Griesser, Helmut
Steiner, Ulrich E.
Richert, Clemens

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