Postinfectious Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Sydenham Chorea, Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infection, and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Disorder

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Postinfectious neuroinflammation has been implicated in multiple models of acute-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder including Sydenham chorea (SC), pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), and pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS). These conditions are associated with a range of autoantibodies which are thought to be triggered by infections, most notably group A streptococci (GAS). Based on animal models using huma sera, these autoantibodies are thought to cross-react with neural antigens in the basal ganglia and modulate neuronal activity and behavior. As is true for many childhood neuroinflammatory diseases and rheumatological diseases, SC, PANS, and PANDAS lack clinically available, rigorous diagnostic biomarkers and randomized clinical trials. In this review article, we outline the accumulating evidence supporting the role neuroinflammation plays in these disorders. We describe work with animal models including patient-derived anti-neuronal autoantibodies, and we outline imaging studies that show alterations in the basal ganglia. In addition, we present research on metabolites, which are helpful in deciphering functional phenotypes, and on the implication of sleep in these disorders. Finally, we encourage future researchers to collaborate across medical specialties (e.g., pediatrics, psychiatry, rheumatology, immunology, and infectious disease) in order to further research on clinical syndromes presenting with neuropsychiatric manifestations.

Standort
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
Umfang
Online-Ressource
Sprache
Englisch

Erschienen in
Postinfectious Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Sydenham Chorea, Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infection, and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Disorder ; volume:45 ; number:6 ; year:2023 ; pages:361-374 ; extent:14
Developmental neuroscience ; 45, Heft 6 (2023), 361-374 (gesamt 14)

Urheber
Vreeland, Allison
Calaprice, Denise
Or-Geva, Noga
Frye, Richard E.
Agalliu, Dritan
Lachman, Herbert M.
Pittenger, Christopher
Pallanti, Stefano
Williams, Kyle
Ma, Meiqian
Thienemann, Margo
Gagliano, Antonella
Mellins, Elizabeth
Frankovich, Jennifer

DOI
10.1159/000534261
URN
urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023122800114938628508
Rechteinformation
Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.
Letzte Aktualisierung
15.08.2025, 07:24 MESZ

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Beteiligte

  • Vreeland, Allison
  • Calaprice, Denise
  • Or-Geva, Noga
  • Frye, Richard E.
  • Agalliu, Dritan
  • Lachman, Herbert M.
  • Pittenger, Christopher
  • Pallanti, Stefano
  • Williams, Kyle
  • Ma, Meiqian
  • Thienemann, Margo
  • Gagliano, Antonella
  • Mellins, Elizabeth
  • Frankovich, Jennifer

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