Argon mediates anti-apoptotic signaling and neuroprotection via inhibition of toll-like receptor 2 and 4

Abstract: PurposeRecently, the noble gas argon attracted significant attention due to its neuroprotective properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. There is growing evidence that the extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is involved in Argon´s protective effect. We hypothesized that argon mediates its protective effects via the upstream located toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4.MethodsApoptosis in a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) was induced using rotenone. Argon treatment was performed after induction of apoptosis with different concentrations (25, 50 and 75 Vol% in oxygen 21 Vol%, carbon dioxide and nitrogen) for 2 or 4 hours respectively. Apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry (annexin-V (AV)/propidiumiodide (PI)) staining, caspase-3 activity and caspase cleavage. TLR density on the cells’ surface was analyzed using FACS and immunohistochemistry. Inhibition of TLR signaling and extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were assessed by western blot, activity assays and FACS analysis.ResultsArgon 75 Vol% treatment abolished rotenone-induced apoptosis. This effect was attenuated dose- and time-dependently. Argon treatment was accompanied with a significant reduction of TLR2 and TLR4 receptor density and protein expression. Moreover, argon mediated increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation was attenuated after inhibition of TLR signaling. ERK1/2 and TLR signaling inhibitors abolished the anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects of argon. Immunohistochemistry results strengthened these findings

Object Details

• Location: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
• Extent: Online-Ressource
• Language: Englisch
• Notes: PLoS ONE. 10, 12 (2015), e0143887, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143887, issn: 1932-6205 ; IN COPYRIGHT http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0 rs

Classification and Topics

• Keyword: Apoptosis ; Immunologie ; Immunsystem ; Lymphozyt ; Leukozyt ; Immunität ; Resistenz ; Immunchemie

Contributors, Places and Time

• Event: Veröffentlichung
• (where): Freiburg
• (who): Universität
• (when): 2015
• Creator: Ulbrich, Felix ; Kaufmann, Kai Björn ; Rösslein, Martin ; Wellner, Franziska Marie ; Auwärter, Volker ; Kempf, Jürgen ; Loop, Torsten ; Bürkle, Hartmut ; Göbel, Ulrich
• Contributor: Institut für Rechtsmedizin ; Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin ; Medizinische Fakultät ; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg

Further information

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143887
• URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-freidok-121086
• Rights: Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.
• Last update: 14.08.2025, 10:59 AM CEST