Arbeitspapier
The regional dispersion of income inequality in nineteenth-century Norway
This paper documents, for the first time, municipality- and occupation-level estimates of income inequality between individuals in a European country in the nineteenth century, using a combination of several detailed data sets for Norway in the late 1860s. Urban incomes were on average 4.5 times higher than rural incomes, and the average city Gini coefficient was twice the average rural municipality Gini. All high- or medium-income occupation groups exhibited substantial withinoccupation income inequality. Across municipalities, income inequality is positively associated with manufacturing, average crop, and historical land inequality, and is negatively associated with distance to the nearest city, pastoral agriculture, and fisheries. The income Gini for Norway as a whole is found to have been 0.546, slightly higher than estimates for the UK and US in the same period.
- Language
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Englisch
- Bibliographic citation
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Series: Discussion Papers ; No. 842
- Classification
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Wirtschaft
Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy: Europe: Pre-1913
Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
- Subject
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Income inequality
economic development
rural-urban differences
economic history
- Event
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Geistige Schöpfung
- (who)
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Modalsli, Jørgen
- Event
-
Veröffentlichung
- (who)
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Statistics Norway, Research Department
- (where)
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Oslo
- (when)
-
2016
- Handle
- Last update
-
10.03.2025, 11:41 AM CET
Data provider
ZBW - Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft. If you have any questions about the object, please contact the data provider.
Object type
- Arbeitspapier
Associated
- Modalsli, Jørgen
- Statistics Norway, Research Department
Time of origin
- 2016
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