Injection strategy – a driver of atmospheric circulation and ozone response to stratospheric aerosol geoengineering

Abstract 2 is injected only in a single location or a set of locations. 2 at 15∘  N and 15∘  S, an annual injection of equal amounts of SO2 at 30∘  N and 30∘  S, and a polar strategy injecting SO2 at 60∘  N and 60∘  S only in spring in each hemisphere. We demonstrate that despite achieving the same global mean surface temperature, the different strategies result in contrastingly different magnitudes of the aerosol-induced lower stratospheric warming, stratospheric moistening, strengthening of stratospheric polar jets in both hemispheres, and changes in the speed of the residual circulation. These impacts tend to maximise under the equatorial injection strategy and become smaller as the aerosols are injected away from the Equator into the subtropics and higher latitudes. In conjunction with the differences in direct radiative impacts at the surface, these different stratospheric changes drive different impacts on the extratropical modes of variability (Northern and Southern Annular modes), including important consequences on the northern winter surface climate, and on the intensity of tropical tropospheric Walker and Hadley circulations, which drive tropical precipitation patterns. Finally, we demonstrate that the choice of injection strategy also plays a first-order role in the future evolution of stratospheric ozone under SAI throughout the globe. Overall, our results contribute to an increased understanding of the fine interplay of various radiative, dynamical, and chemical processes driving the atmospheric circulation and ozone response to SAI and lay the foundation for designing an optimal SAI strategy that could form a basis of future multi-model intercomparisons.

Object Details

• Location: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
• Extent: Online-Ressource
• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Injection strategy – a driver of atmospheric circulation and ozone response to stratospheric aerosol geoengineering ; volume:23 ; number:21 ; year:2023 ; pages:13665-13684 ; extent:20 ; Atmospheric chemistry and physics ; 23, Heft 21 (2023), 13665-13684 (gesamt 20)

Contributors, Places and Time

• Creator: Bednarz, Ewa M. ; Butler, Amy H. ; Visioni, Daniele ; Zhang, Yan ; Kravitz, Ben ; MacMartin, Douglas G.

Further information

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-23-13665-2023
• URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023110903284313816439
• Rights: Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.
• Last update: 14.08.2025, 10:59 AM CEST