Arbeitspapier
Non-college Occupations, Workplace Routinization, and the Gender Gap in College Enrollment
This paper explores how non-college occupations contributed to the gender gap in college enrollment, where women overtook men in college-going. Using instrumental variation from routinization, we show that the decline of routine-intensive occupations displaced the non-college occupations of women, raising female enrollment. Embedding this instrumental variation into a dynamic Roy model, we find that routinization decreased returns to the non-college occupations of women, increasing their college premium. In contrast, men's non-college occupations were less susceptible to routinization. Our model estimates that workplace routinization accounted for 44% of the growth in female enrollment during 1980-2000.
- Language
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Englisch
- Bibliographic citation
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Series: IZA Discussion Papers ; No. 16089
- Classification
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Wirtschaft
Higher Education; Research Institutions
Education and Inequality
Returns to Education
Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
Labor Demand
- Subject
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gender
college enrollment
human capital
occupations
automation
- Event
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Geistige Schöpfung
- (who)
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Chuan, Amanda
Zhang, Weilong
- Event
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Veröffentlichung
- (who)
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Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
- (where)
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Bonn
- (when)
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2023
- Handle
- Last update
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10.03.2025, 11:42 AM CET
Data provider
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Object type
- Arbeitspapier
Associated
- Chuan, Amanda
- Zhang, Weilong
- Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
Time of origin
- 2023