Arbeitspapier

The Fertility Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Structural Change

Despite the recent economic growth in many countries on the African continent, the region has seen a slow fertility transition. In this study, we explore whether the lack of structural economic change can explain this slow fertility transition. We create a unique panel data set combining Demographic and Health Surveys, Household Income Surveys, and nighttime light intensity data, as an indicator for industrialization, from 57 countries at the sub-national regional level over three decades to analyze the driving forces of fertility transitions across low- and middle-income countries. Our results confirm that household wealth, reduced child mortality, and female basic education are crucial for fertility reductions. Yet, our analysis also highlights the important role of increased female labor force participation in the formal sector, industrialization, increased female secondary education, and the expansion of health insurance coverage. Urbanization appears to have a limited, if any, effect. Our simulations indicate that if high-fertility countries in sub-Saharan Africa had experienced similar structural economic change as low- and middle-income countries with low fertility, their fertility levels could be up to 50% lower.

Language
Englisch

Bibliographic citation
Series: IZA Discussion Papers ; No. 15966

Classification
Wirtschaft
Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
Time Allocation and Labor Supply
Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
Subject
demographic transition
fertility
structural change
human capital
sub-Saharan Africa

Event
Geistige Schöpfung
(who)
Büttner, Nicolas
Grimm, Michael
Günther, Isabel
Harttgen, Kenneth
Klasen, Stephan
Event
Veröffentlichung
(who)
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
(where)
Bonn
(when)
2023

Handle
Last update
10.03.2025, 11:44 AM CET

Data provider

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Object type

  • Arbeitspapier

Associated

  • Büttner, Nicolas
  • Grimm, Michael
  • Günther, Isabel
  • Harttgen, Kenneth
  • Klasen, Stephan
  • Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Time of origin

  • 2023

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