The middle-income trap – definitions, theories and countries concerned: A literature survey

Arbeitspapier

In recent years, a growing body of economic literature has focused on the phenomenon of the so-called middle-income trap (MIT). The term usually refers to countries that have experienced rapid growth and thus quickly reached middle-income status, but then failed to overcome that income range to further catch up to the developed countries. This paper surveys the MIT literature. It begins by laying out different approaches to defining the MIT (with a focus on the distinction between absolute and relative approaches) and by presenting as well as classifying the most important empirical studies. After a short overview of the currently identified MIT countries, the article summarizes the main explanatory approaches, taking into account both the theoretical foundations and the empirically identified triggering factors.

Object Details

• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Series: CEAMeS Discussion Paper ; No. 2/2016

Classification and Topics

• Classification: Wirtschaft ; Economic Development: General ; Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General
• Subject: middle-income trap ; middle-income countries ; economic growth ; economic development ; growth slowdowns ; catching up

Contributors, Places and Time

• Event: Geistige Schöpfung
• (who): Glawe, Linda ; Wagner, Helmut
• Event: Veröffentlichung
• (who): University of Hagen, Center for East Asia Macro-economic Studies (CEAMeS)
• (where): Hagen
• (when): 2016

Further information

• Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/215644
• URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:708-dh4716
• Last update: 10.03.2025, 11:44 AM CET