Modigliani meets Minsky: Inequality, debt, and financial fragility in America, 1950-2016

Arbeitspapier

This paper studies the secular increase in U.S. household debt and its relation to growing income inequality and financial fragility. We exploit a new household-level data set that covers the joint distributions of debt, income, and wealth in the United States over the past seven decades. The data show that increased borrowing by middle-class families with low income growth played a central role in rising indebtedness. Debt-to-income ratios have risen most dramatically for households between the 50th and 90th percentiles of the income distribution. While their income growth was low, middle-class families borrowed against the sizable housing wealth gains from rising home prices. Home equity borrowing accounts for about half of the increase in U.S. housing debt between the 1980s and 2007. The resulting debt increase made balance sheets more sensitive to income and house price fluctuations and turned the American middle class into the epicenter of growing financial fragility.

Angaben zum Objekt

• Sprache: Englisch

Verweise und Beziehungen

• Erschienen in: Series: Staff Report ; No. 924

Klassifikation und Themen

• Klassifikation: Wirtschaft ; Household Saving; Personal Finance ; Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions ; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth ; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
• Thema: household debt ; inequality ; household portfolios ; financial fragility

Beteiligte, Orts- und Zeitangaben

• Ereignis: Geistige Schöpfung
• (wer): Bartscher, Alina Kristin ; Kuhn, Moritz ; Schularick, Moritz ; Steins, Ulrike I.
• Ereignis: Veröffentlichung
• (wer): Federal Reserve Bank of New York
• (wo): New York, NY
• (wann): 2020

Weitere Informationen

• Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/241117
• Letzte Aktualisierung: 10.03.2025, 11:41 MEZ