Characterising the mechanical behaviour of dry-formed cellulose fibre materials

Abstract: In the dry-forming process, paper pulp is formed without adding water, making it more resource-effective than traditional papermaking. It is a relatively new technology, patented only in recent years, and very few material investigations exist in the literature; hence, little is known of the constitutive behaviour. The stress state during forming is highly complex, including multiaxial loading, extreme densification, friction, large strains, and fibre-joint formation. This paper studies dry-formed materials at different compression levels, from the sparse mat to the highly densified network. Three primary loading modes are investigated: in-plane tension, out-of-plane shear and out-of-plane compression. The results indicate that the tensile modulus and strength scale quadratically and cubically to the density, respectively, while the shear properties start developing after the density passes a threshold value. The compressive properties proved difficult to quantify, mainly because of the discrepancy between the density before and after the compressive test. The dry-formed material was compared to wet-formed paper materials in the literature. This showed that the in-plane (tensile) properties and the out-of-plane shear strength are visibly lower while the shear stiffness is similar, compared to wet-formed materials. Nonetheless, the findings set a starting point for numerical simulations of the dry-forming process.

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• Location: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
• Extent: Online-Ressource
• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Characterising the mechanical behaviour of dry-formed cellulose fibre materials ; volume:40 ; number:1 ; year:2025 ; pages:173-189 ; extent:17 ; Nordic pulp & paper research journal ; 40, Heft 1 (2025), 173-189 (gesamt 17)

Contributors, Places and Time

• Creator: Kaplan, Magdalena ; Johansson, Adam ; Östlund, Sören

Further information

• DOI: 10.1515/npprj-2024-0076
• URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2502280620585.112270820900
• Rights: Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.