Patterns and trends of group-based inequality in Brazil

Arbeitspapier

In this paper, we analyse the patterns and trends of group-based inequalities in Brazil in the past 30 years. Using data from the last four demographic censuses (1980, 1991, 2000, and 2010), we estimate numerous measures to analyse inequalities between different 'ethnic' groups. Our results show that the trend toward greater equality in Brazil shown in other analyses of vertical inequality is also found in terms of horizontal inequalities along racial, gender, and regional lines between 1980 and 2010. Nevertheless, horizontal inequalities in terms of race and gender in particular remain pronounced; as shown using various measures, race is highly correlated with income and education. We show that municipalities with low ethnic diversity and low income and education inequality tend to be located in the South region. In regression analysis, we note that ethnic diversity negatively affects the institutional quality of Brazilian municipalities.

Object Details

• ISBN: 978-92-9256-171-0
• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Series: WIDER Working Paper ; No. 2016/127

Classification and Topics

• Classification: Wirtschaft ; Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions ; Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement ; Education and Inequality ; Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
• Subject: Brazil ; group-based inequality ; ethnic diversity ; institutional quality ; spatial econometrics ; vertical inequality

Contributors, Places and Time

• Event: Geistige Schöpfung
• (who): Leivas, Pedro H. ; dos Santos, Anderson M. A.
• Event: Veröffentlichung
• (who): The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)
• (where): Helsinki
• (when): 2016

Further information

• DOI: doi:10.35188/UNU-WIDER/2016/171-0
• Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/161510
• Last update: 10.03.2025, 11:43 AM CET