Miniaturized 3‐Lead Electrocardiogram System Based on Einthoven Triangle for Wireless Cardiac Care Monitoring

Monitoring heart health typically requires a 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) system with a sampling frequency of ≥400 Hz with high power requirements. This allows the detection of clinically relevant cardiovascular events using P, Q, R, S, and T signature peaks in ECG. These requirements limit the scope of ECG use, especially in proactive monitoring, cardiac event prevention, and wireless wearable devices. Herein, a skin‐mountable 3‐lead wireless sensor patch based on the Einthoven triangle is experimentally demonstrated. It allows us to gather vital cardiac information in place of a conventional 12‐lead ECG system. The patch uses the industry's lowest‐power Bluetooth low‐energy system on chip which requires 50 Hz sampling frequency to detect all critical events. A firmware for the chip is developed to transmit data wirelessly at extremely low power (−19 dB), resulting in uninterrupted operation for ≈4 days using a simple CR1632 battery. An Android app records and plots ECG data on a smartphone for real‐time visual monitoring and transmits the data to the cloud‐connected interface for remote monitoring. The demonstration with low‐power operation and integration to the cloud‐connected interface is a significant step for nonassisted home‐based caring to enable preventive health management without being widely constrained by battery and tethered operation.

Object Details

• Location: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Frankfurt am Main
• Extent: Online-Ressource
• Language: Englisch

References and Relationships

• Bibliographic citation: Miniaturized 3‐Lead Electrocardiogram System Based on Einthoven Triangle for Wireless Cardiac Care Monitoring ; day:16 ; month:11 ; year:2023 ; extent:9 ; Advanced intelligent systems ; (16.11.2023) (gesamt 9)

Contributors, Places and Time

• Creator: Rahman, Md. Ataur ; Robel, Md. Rokunuzzaman ; Patil, Basanagouda ; Saleem, Syed Haider ; Borkhatariya, Sagar Sanjay ; Bhaskaran, Madhu ; Sriram, Sharath

Further information

• DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202300659
• URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023111714115045440841
• Rights: Open Access; Der Zugriff auf das Objekt ist unbeschränkt möglich.
• Last update: 15.08.2025, 7:29 AM CEST